Feeding young calves with diets with combined silage made of millet green mass with East Galega at weight ratio of 70:30 increases the average daily weight gain by 7,5 %, and reduces its cost by 8,2 % compared with cereal silage.

Feeding calves with KR-2 compound feed with the inclusion of 10 % by weight of the new skimmed milk replacer «AGROMILK-1» instead of COM has a positive effect on feed intake, morphological and biochemical composition of blood, productive and economic performance values of animals rearing, characterized by the increase in growth energy by 1,7 %, promoting decrease of the cost of animal feed by 41,4 % and decrease of weight gain cost by 32,3 %.

It was determined during the study that the enzyme preparations «Belvitazim-400 Granulyat» and «Phytase» in the amount of 100 g/t have a positive effect on the live weight gain of young pigs, digestibility and use of nutrients, including calcium and phosphorus. Compound feeds with enzyme preparations contribute to perfection of meat traits of animals - the content of the muscle tissue in carcasses of animals increased by 1,4-2,3 percentage points compared to the control, the content of protein in meat - by 4,42 percentage points

Pigs of specialized meat breeds have an increased metabolism and, consequently, higher requirements metabolizable energy and the usefulness of feeding, especially protein feeding. The conducted researches helped to determine that for growing pigs at fattening of Belarusian meat breed the following is perfect, respectively, by periods of rearing: 0,85, 0,73 and 0,61 g of lysine per 1 MJ of metabolizable energy, provided the proper balance of remaining essential amino acids in accordance with the concept of «ideal protein».

Diets with non-degradable protein level of 10% above normal for replacement steers of 369-461 kg of live weight increase the exchange energy transformation into the energy of live weight gain by 9%, providing daily average weight gain increase by 5%, decrease of energy spends by 5% per unit of energy for weight gain.

Feeding calves with KR-2 compound feed with extruded enricher in an amount of 10 % by weight increases transformation of metabolizable energy into live weight gain energy from 8,30 to 9,60 MJ, or by 15,7 %, ensuring increase of average daily weight gain by 10 % and cost reduction for metabolizable energy per 1 MJ for weight gain by 11,6 %.

The experiments revealed that use of biological-based preservative based on strains of lactic acid bacteria Lactococcus lactis (CI - 1´10⁵ cfu), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (CI - 5´10⁴ cfu) and Lactobacillus plantarum (CI - 5´10⁴ cfu) at introduction dose of 4 g/t allowed to prepare feeds with nutritional value of 11,91 MJ per 1 kg of dry matter. Preparation of wet rolled grain using a biological preservative «Bioplant-ultra» at introduction dose of 4 grams per ton allowed to obtain the greatest profit - 10556 rubles per 1 animal per day.

The studies helped to determine that the greatest performance was provided by sugar sorghum (575 c/ha of green mass, 165,95 c/ha of dry matter) and sorghum-sudan hybrid (respectively, 558 and 154,51 c/ha). Mixed crops of cereals with vetch by performance were superior to single-species crops by an average of 4,9-12,0 %. Use in feeds for lactating cows of experimental groups of green mass of the mixture of sweet sorghum with vetch and sorghum-sudan hybrid with vetch allowed to reduce the cost of diet by 15,48 and 15,06 % compared to the control, where the animals received the green mass of corn mixture with vetch, and to obtain profit per 1 animal in the experimental group I of 351 rubles and 1092 rubles in the II experimental group. Application in experimental animals diets of silo mixture of sugar sorghum with vetch and sorghum-sudan hybrid with vetch helped to reduce the cost of diets by 12,05 and 12,37% compared to the control, where the cows received silage from mixture of corn with vetch, and obtaining additional profit in the amount of 300 rubles in the I and 1046 rubles in the II experimental groups per 1 animals per day.

The studies helped to determine that the highest yield were peculiar of mixtures based on sugar sorghum in particular sorghum with vetch of 605 kg/ha, and nutritional value of 1 kilogram of dry matter was 0.90 feed units. The average actual milk yield in cows receiving green mass of corn was 18,31 kg, 4,37 and 5,24 % lower than with the cows receiving the green mass from the mixture of winter triticale with vetch and sugar sorghum with vetch. Feeding with silages in diets for lactating cows prepared of a mixture of winter triticale with vetch and sugar sorghum with vetch, helped to reduce the cost of diets by 9,5 and 11,3 %, compared to the control corn silage and obtaining additional profits of 1921 and 2488 rubles/cow/day.

The article presents data on the development of technology for use of wet sapropel in the additive «Agroproduct» in diets for cattle. As a result, this technology eliminates expensive drying process of sapropel. Feeding lactating cows with feed additive «Agroproduct» in the combined feeds has a positive effect on the productivity of dairy cows, reduces feed cost for production of 1 kg of milk by 6,0 %.

The results of studies on the effectiveness of the additive based on plant extracts mixed with milk for young cattle of prophylactorium rearing period are presented as proof of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract function caused by stress on the body, and maintaining intestinal bacteriocenosis at an optimum level. Duration of diarrhea in calves consuming additive «Baby-Sprint» was three times less than in control animals. The positive effect on animal productivity and ensuring 100 % safety of livestock was determined.

Application of enzymatic agent «CelloLux-F» as a component of combined feeds for broiler chicks promotes live weight gain, feed conversion efficiency and safety of young birds. It is recommended to include the enzyme into combined feed for broiler chicks in the amount of 100 g/t of compound feed.

Feeding calves aged 6-12 months with energy-protein supplement in the compound feed KR-3 in winter and summer diets allows to obtain average daily weight gains on the level of 861-891 g at feed costs of 7,3-7,5 c f. units. Energy-protein supplements with local import-substituting protein components allow to produce compound feeds for young cattle when reared for meat production corresponding to the feed and nutritional value of the standard compound feeds KR-1, KR-2 and KR-3, but at 6-7 % lower cost.

The results of the analysis of effect of the changes of energy and protein nutrition level on productivity, balance of energy and its distribution in organism of cows of south meat breed are presented in the article. It’s determined that 10% increase of protein level in cows’ diets during dry period promotes decrease in heat production’s value and growth of net energy and animal’s milk energy of both inbreeding types of animals. An increased level of protein in diets of Black Sea types of cows promotes increase of net energy value and foetus energy during dry period.

Researches helped to determine that erucic-free and low-glyco-zynolate rapeseed varieties are promising forage crops due to the high content of protein and energy. Increased input of rapeseed cake up to 15 % in KR-1 feed for calves allowed to obtain productivity on the level of values determined when feeding calves with compound feeds with 10 % of rapeseed input.

Using moisture free sapropel in combined feed in the amount of 4-8 % by weight increases the conversion of metabolizable energy in the diet into live weight gains by 3,4-12,5 %, allowing to increase average daily weight gain by 2,0-3,5 % and decrease cost of feeds by 6-8 %.

Inclusion of energy-protein supplement in compound feeds provides increase in the rumen of young cattle of the amounts of volatile fatty acids by 10-12 %, reduction of ammonia by 12-14 %, urea level in blood by 16-21 %, which allows to obtain average daily weight gain of 861-891 g at feed cost of 7,3-7,5 c f.u.

Inclusion of sodium humate supplement in compound feed for steers at fattening in an amount of 0,3; 0,4; 0,5 ml per 1 kg of live weight contributes to total protein content increase in the blood by 2,1-3,9 % and decrease of urea level by 7,2-15,3 %, which provides average daily weight gain of 1040-1092 g.

Studies helped to determine that the use of multi-legume-grass pastures of intensive type in the third year of pasturing as part of summer diets for cows allows to decrease the milk cost by feed costs by 12,2 %. Economic effect per 1 animal in 150 days of experimental period amounted to 633,750 rubles.

The experiments helped to determine that developed recipes of premixes and compound concentrated feeds for highly productive cows in late lactation allow to increase digestibility of nutrients by 1,5-2,7 %, promote better digestion of nutrients and absorption of dietary minerals, increase production of 4% milk in winter period by 10,9 %, increase fat outcome by 0,02, and protein - by 0,02 percentage points.

The experiments helped to determine that developed recipes of premixes and concentrated compound feeds for highly productive in calf dry cows provide increase of 4 % milk production in winter by 5,5 % (30,8 vs. 29,2 kg/animal/day) in the subsequent lactation, and in summer - by 6,5 % (31 vs. 29,1 kg/animal/day).

Feeding animals with compound feeds KR-1, KR-2 and KR-3 with organic trace element complex (OTEC) at the amount of 10 % of the existing norms of microelements level in typical formulations increases the average daily weight gain of calves by 9,5-12,3 % while reducing cost of feeds by 7-10 %.

Feeding steers with diets with increased levels of metabolizable energy and the best protein degradability index allowed to obtain 1103-1100 g of live weight gain. The weight gain energy made 22,9-22,6 MJ. Carcass yield of the experimental animals was within 53,6-54,6 % at perfect ratio of nutrients in meat.

Feeding cows with supplements with «protected» protein lowers blood urea in the blood by 22,2 %, ACT - by 12,4 %, ALT - by 5,3 %, indicating normalization of nitrogen metabolism in rumen. Using energy and protein supplements in compound feeds for cows provides increased milk production by 7,8 % while reducing feed costs by 9,9 %, more efficient use of proteins by 9,6 %, which will provide annual economic effect of 360,6 thousand rubles.

A method of milk purification efficiency during automated milking of cows at milking installations of ADS and ADM type with long upper milk pipeline and «Parallel» type with short lower milk pipeline was developed. The idea is in using at the first stage of cleaning ADM 09.200 filter with sleeve filter made of thermally bonded needled fabric notable by the fact that on the end of milk hose when discharging milk in the cooling tank a filter is applied with filter element (cartridge) made of food-grade polypropylene. It is determined that use of this purification method provides obtaining high quality milk according to health, hygiene and sanitary requirements: content of microbial cells in milk - 83.4±1.45 thousand/cm³, somatic cells - 245±2.73 thousand/cm³, acidity - 16-17 °T, purity group - first, grade - «Extra». Economic effect of the new method was 209 rubles per 1 ton of sold milk compared to the standard method.

On the dairy complex «Berezovytsa» of the Republican subsidiary unitary enterprise on purebred breeding «ZhodinoAgroPlemElita» of Smolevichy district, Minsk region researches were conducted on study of impact of the experimental samples of blowing detergent-disinfectants for sanitary treatment of udder prior to milking manufactured by LLC «Navigator» (the Republic of Belarus) on the level of implementation of the milk ejection reflex. It was determined that among experimental samples of detergent-disinfectants agent sample No 3 had the most favorable stimulating impact on the mammary gland of cows and milk ejection reflex level: the value of a single milking was 7,1 kg, the degree of relative milk yield for the first 3 minutes of milking - 83,1 %, the duration of milking - 4,20 minutes, the average speed of milk extraction - 1,69 kg/min.

New temperature regimes for growing and fattening of meat genotypes of pigs were developed. Performance of suckling piglets, piglets at rearing and fattening was studied. On the basis of experimental data the cost-effectiveness of rearing young pigs at the proposed regimes of the temperature was calculated.

The article presents data of water quality sources tests at livestock farms in different hydrological areas of Lvov region by seasons of the year.

Studies on the nature of changes in chemical composition, physical and chemical and technological properties of milk were conducted depending on the content of somatic cells in the mammary gland secretion of lactating cows at different physiological state of organism. It was determined that in healthy cows’ milk samples (53,0 % of total number of animals in the herd) somatic cells contents was 20,0 to 278,0 thousand/cm³. With an increased number of somatic cells in milk fat content decreased by 10,3 and 14,9 %, lactose - by 9,1 and 12,6 %, protein - 4,1 and 9,0 % in cows of IV and V experimental groups with somatic cell counts, respectively, 1001-2000 thousand/cm³ and 2001 thousand/cm³ or more compared to the control group of cows that contained up to 100 thousand/cm³ somatic cells. Cow milk with somatic cell counts of 1001-2000 thousand/cm³ and 2001 thousand/cm³ and more corresponded to 3-4 group on thermal stability and to 2-3 class on rennet coagulation.

Studies have shown that use of trimunal preparation in the dose of 1 tablet 2 times a day for two weeks helped to improve indicators of immune protection of organism and increased energy growth of calves. Application of plant origin preparation tonzilgon in the dose of 2 tablets 2 times a day helped to improve growth energy of calves by 24.6%, normalize the immune status of animals and decrease their morbidity.

The study tracks the formation and development process of scientific knowledge in the field of exterior estimation of horses since XII (XIV) century and till nowadays. A number of foreign and domestic exterior doctrines and hypotheses are analyzed. The main results of scientific research on the correlation between the external forms and animal performance are presented.

Growing and fattening of calves in buildings of light type at all stages of production in comparison with the mixed rearing of young animals (management in cold conditions and in stationary premises) allows to increase the live weight gain by 10.7 kg, reduce treatment costs of respiratory diseases and obtain extra GDP in the amount of USD 24.5 per 1 animal.

Software and mathematical algorithm of express calculating of feed costs was developed, based on the technological situation of a pig-breeding complex operation, which allows to carry out complex simulation of financial and economic efficiency of a complex operation.

A mathematical model for evaluation of performance traits of young pigs depending on live weight of piglets at birth was developed. Using the model allowed to reliably confirm the need for strict implementation of the methodology for zootechnical experiments. The most important indicator for the selection of experimental animals to be included in the groups are the actual age (differences between animals should be less than 7 days) and live weight at the time of formation of experimental groups.

Results of the studies helped to determine a negative impact of industrial production technology on metabolic parameters of young pigs at fattening. Deviations from standards of trace elements content in the blood (copper and zinc) are more peculiar of the second fattening period, than of the first one (10 and 50%, respectively, versus 40 and 10%). Phosphorus content, thyroid hormone T4 and thyroid-stimulating hormone content in the blood samples of all selected pigs did not meet standards.

Mechanisms of a number of characteristics of mechanization means impact on ergonomics and adaptability of executing processes of loading and distribution of feed are formalized. Some of the studied feeders are characterized by difficult and low-quality technical operations of loading and distribution of feed mixtures. When technical lines are equipped by technical means it is necessary to consider their characteristics and ergonomic components that determine their efficiency.