POLYMORPHISM OF GENE-MARKERS OF REPRODUCTIVE AND FATTENING PERFORMANCE IN THE ASSOCIATION WITH SELECTED TRAITS OF PIGS OF MATERNAL BREEDS

The main breeding and genetic traits of reproductive (multiple pregnancy (animals), milkiness (litter weight in 21 days (kg), number of piglets at weaning (animals), litter weight at weaning (kg)) and fattening (age of reaching live weight of 100 kg (days), average daily weight gain (g), feed consumption per 1 kg of weight gain (feed units)) performance of pigs of maternal breeds. It has been determined that the following genes-markers of performance are promising for use in practical breeding for the maternal breeds of pigs: in reproductive traits -estrogen receptor gene (ESR); in fattening traits - gene of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-2). It was revealed that for pigs of maternal breeds of domestic selection (Belarusian large white, Belarusian black-motley breeds), the following trend is typical: with the growth of indicators of fattening performance, the reproductive traits are decrease. The species carrying the preferred genotypes BB and AB of the ESR gene in their genome surpass their coevals with the AA genotype in reproductive traits by 11.8-0.8%, but inferior in the fattening traits by 26.6-0.4%. And as for animals of the Belarusian plant type of Yorkshire breed - the animals are characterized by both high fattening and reproductive traits. This is due to the breeding work carried out with the plant type, which led to the predominance in the genome of animals of the preferred genotypes of ESR and IGF-2 genes.

ESR, IGF-2, Belarusian large white and Belarusian black-motley breeds of pigs, Belarusian plant type of Yorkshire breed, reproductive and fattening performance, selection, gene markers

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